科技论文 Efficient Optimization of Field Management Strategies in Reservoir Simulation
Appropriate use of local optimization within the simulation model can improve workflow flexibility and efficiency.
Provides modular, surface-actuated downhole control of oil and gas production and injection wells
The surface-actuated tubing-retrievable flow control (TRFC) hydraulic dual-line modular (HDM) valve controls oil and gas production and injection for intelligent completion systems. This enables modular intelligent completion designs to accommodate a variety of well conditions.
TRFC-HDM valves are manufactured in various materials to suit a wide range of oil, water, and gas applications, including high-flow-rate production and injection wells.
The rugged design makes the valve suitable for severe environments with scale deposits, erosion, and other demanding conditions.
The modular flow control valves use a J-slot mechanical indexer to control valve cycling. They require conventional n+1 hydraulic lines for n valves. An indexer has been deployed which enables independent on-off control of two valves using only two hydraulic lines when tubing hanger hydraulic penetrations are limited.
An optional electrohydraulic module for valve actuation is available; it integrates single or dual pressure and temperature gauges in a single compact assembly. Modular flow control valves equipped with this module require just two hydraulic control lines and one electric line for multidrop installation.
Both annular and inline shrouded valve types are available. The annular valve controls flow between the annulus and tubing. Metal-to-metal dynamic seals are qualified per ISO 23936-2 to withstand differential pressures up to 7,500 psi [52 MPa].
By monitoring pressure and temperature downhole with the complementary technology of a Metris™ permanent monitoring system, operators can better understand the reservoir to more precisely control the production or injection rate in near-real time with up to 10 choke positions.